Spearfishing

Spearfishing combines free-diving with hunting. Because you see the exact fish before you take it, spearfishing has one of the most selective harvest profiles of any fishing method - no bycatch, no undersized fish, no accidental protected species. It demands strong swimming skills, breath-hold ability, and knowledge of local reef ecology and regulations.

Wetsuit (2-5mm depending on water temp), mask, snorkel, fins (long free-diving), weight belt, dive knife, speargun (band-powered or pneumatic), stringer, dive float and flag. Advanced gear includes gloves, dive computer, and specialized fins.

1) Scout the area from the surface - identify likely fish and depths. 2) Take deep breaths (breathe up) before descending. 3) Descend quietly with efficient finning. 4) Approach downstream/downcurrent to reduce silhouette. 5) Aim just behind the gill plate for humane, effective shots. 6) Ascend calmly - never race a fish to the surface.

Always dive with a buddy. Never hyperventilate before diving. Know shallow water blackout signs. Use a dive float and flag. Never shoot fish you cant retrieve. Understand local marine life risks (sharks, cone shells, currents).

Spearfishing is banned or restricted in many marine protected areas. Species-specific rules apply (e.g., no goliath grouper, no billfish). SCUBA-assisted spearfishing is illegal in many jurisdictions.