Toli shad
📖 Overview
Inhabits fast-flowing, turbid estuaries and adjacent coastal waters . Schooling in coastal waters, euryhaline and perhaps anadromous, ascending rivers to breed (but in some areas fishery workers claim that it does not). A protandrous hermaphrodite . Presumably its biology is similar to that of T. ilisha, but the fewer gill rakers suggest that it takes larger food organisms. Reported to feed on zooplankton . More data needed especially since it is not always distinguished from T. ilisha, especially at juvenile stages. Marketed fresh or dried-salted.
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0. Belly with 28 to 30 scutes. A distinct median notch in upper jaw, which distinguishes it from other similar clupeids, except Hilsa kelee. Gill rakers fine but not numerous, 60 to 100 on lower part of arch. Caudal fin short. At most, a dark diffuse mark behind gill opening, but no other spots on flank.: fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Toli shad is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
🥚 Reproduction
A semelparous species, but although each individual spawns only once and then dies, the spawning season for the species as a whole lasts from May to November . A monandric species . Sex change occurs at a length of 11.0 cm TL and 1.24 years of age .
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic; anadromous ; depth range 10 - ? m . Tropical; 23°N - 7°S, 70°E - 119°E West Pacific: India to the Java Sea and the South China Sea.
🌿 Ecology
zooplankton (Ref
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
| Language | Common Names |
|---|---|
| 🇬🇧English | Chinese Herring · Toli shad |
| 🌍CES | placka toli |
| 🇫🇷French | alose toli |
| 🌍GUJ | Palwa |
| 🌍MSA | Terubok |
| 🇷🇺Russian | Тенуалоза-толи |
| 🇪🇸Spanish | sábalo toli |
| 🌍TAM | கருவுள்ளம் |
| 🌍THA | ปลาตะลุมพุก · Pla Talumpook |
| 🇨🇳Chinese | 托氏鰣 |
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alausa argyrochloris | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
| Alausa ctenolepis | Bleeker | 1852 | Synonym |
| Alausa toli | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
| Alosa argyrochloris | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
| Clupea toli | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
| Hilsa toli | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
| Tenulalosa toil | Valenciennes | 1847 | Synonym |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 4 records indexed .
👥 Community & Contribute
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