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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🎣 Game Fish ⚠️ Venomous ⚡ Traumatogenic 🌡️ Subtropical 🎣 Game Fish

Great barracuda

Sphyraena barracuda Edwards, 1771
Max Length
200 cm
Max Weight
50.0 kg
Lifespan
18 yrs
Trophic Level
4.5
Depth
0–100 m
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
79.00/100
Typical Length
140 cm
Depth Zone
reef

📖 Overview

Found predominantly at or near the surface . Juvenile occurs among mangroves, estuaries and shallow sheltered inner reef areas; adult occurs in a wide range of habitats from murky inner harbors to open seas. Diurnal and solitary, but can also be found in small aggregations. Feeds on fishes, cephalopods and sometimes on shrimps . Sold fresh. Utilized also dried or salted . Although this species is ciguatoxic elsewhere throughout its range, it has not been reported to be poisonous in the eastern Atlantic . Rarely attacks humans, usually with one quick, fierce strike, which, although serious, is rarely fatal. The world's record on hook and line is a 5.5-ft. fish taken in the Bahamas that weighed 103 lbs. . Caught by handline, set nets, and other fishing gear . Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

Scientific Name
Sphyraena barracuda
Authority
Edwards, 1771
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
200 cm
Max Weight
50 kg
Lifespan
18 years
Depth Range
0–100 m
Latitude
35°S – 42°N
Trophic Level
4.5
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
79.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: a large body, large eyes; body depth 6.0-8.2 in SL; teeth erect and contiguous; no gill rakers on first gill arch, instead upper and lower gill arch with rough platelets which lack distinct spines; origin of first dorsal fin at level of the rear base of the pelvic fins; caudal fin emarginate with a pair of large lobes at posterior margin, except young less than 50 cm TL which have a forked caudal fin. Colour of body silvery; many oblique dark bars on upper half of body that do not across lateral line; caudal fin black with white tips; juveniles with a series of large dark blotches irregularly arranged on sides of body .: elongated; Cross section: compressed.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Great barracuda is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for Great barracuda is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Size at Maturity
66cm TL

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 100 m , usually 3 - 30 m . Subtropical; 42°N - 35°S, 180°W - 180°E east coast of Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesas and Tuamoto islands.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌿 Brackish 🪸 Reef Associated
Trophic Level
4.5±0.6
🧍 Solitary
Food Items

fishes, cephalopods and sometimes on shrimps (Ref

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00851 × L2.93 (TL)
Max TL
200cm
Max Weight
50,000g
Dorsal Spines
6
Dorsal Rays
9
Anal Spines
2
Anal Rays
8

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2013

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
79.00/100
Very High vulnerability
Trophic Level
4.5
Apex / Top predator
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Latitude Range
42°N – 35°S
Described By
Edwards, 1771

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Barra · Commerson's Sea Pike · Great barracuda · Short Barracuda · Striped Seapike · Barracuda · Great Barra Cuda
🇸🇦Arabic kadd
🇩🇪German amerikanischer pfeilhecht · picúa corsaria
🇫🇷French Barracouda · Barracouda, Brochet de mer · Barracouta · Barracuda · Barracuda, Brisure, Bècune · Brisure · Brochet de mer · Bècune · Béchine · Grand barracuda · Grande béchine · barrcouda
🇯🇵Japanese Oni-kamasu · Onikamasu · オニカマス
🌍MSA kucul · tenak
🇳🇱Dutch snoek
🇵🇹Portuguese Bacuda · Barracuda Bicuda · Bicuda · Bicuda-cachorra · Bicuda-de-corso · Bicuda-gigante · Carama · Carana · Corama · Gaviana · Goirana · Guarana · Pescada · Barracuda
🌍SOM zub-saalim
🇪🇸Spanish Becuna · Picua · Picua Brava · Picuda · Picuda Barracuda · Picuda Brava · Picúa Zorra · Picús Corsaria · Picúua · Picúua Brava · barracuda
🌍TAH ono, tatia
🇨🇳Chinese 大魣 · 巴拉庫答 · 巴拉金梭魚 · 竹梭 · 金梭

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Agrioposphyraena barracuda Walbaum 1792 Heterotypic
Esox barracuda Walbaum 1792 Heterotypic
Sphyraena agam Rüppell 1838 Synonym
Sphyraena baracuda Walbaum 1792 Heterotypic
Sphyraena becuna Lacepède 1803 Synonym
Sphyraena commersonii Cuvier 1829 Synonym
Sphyraena dussumieri Valenciennes 1831 Synonym
Sphyraena picuda Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym
Sphyraena sphyraena picuda Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym
Syphyraena barracuda Walbaum 1792 Heterotypic

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 211 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

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