🌊 Marine
🌡️ Temperate
Red gunnel
Pholis schultzi Schultz, 1931
📖 Overview
Facultative air-breathing in the genus ; Found in the intertidal and subtidal, in exposed surge areas (tidal surge channels) and to 18 m depth.
Scientific Name
Pholis schultzi
Authority
Schultz, 1931
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Temperate
Max Length
13 cm
Depth Range
0–18 m
Trophic Level
3.2
Resilience
High
Vulnerability
15.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt
🔬 Taxonomy
Class
Ray-finned fishes
Actinopterygii
Order
Perch-like fishes
Perciformes
Family
Pholidae
Pholidae
Genus
Pholis
Pholis
Species
Red gunnel
Pholis schultzi
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 84 - 86; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 41 - 44. Caudal rounded.: eel-like.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Red gunnel is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus
🥚 Reproduction
🐣 Oviparous
📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 18 m . Temperate; 54°N - central California, USA.
🌿 Ecology
Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine
⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.2±0.4
📐 Morphometrics
Length–Weight Relationship:
W = 0.00162 × L3.19
(TL)
Max TL
13cm
Dorsal Spines
85
Anal Spines
2
Anal Rays
43
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
Salinity Range
30–40ppt
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
Population Resilience
High
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
15.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.2
Predator
Climate Zone
Temperate
Described By
Schultz, 1931
🔍 Similar Species
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