New 🐟 Mercury Safety Guide & Omega-3 Rankings Updated for 2026. View Omega-3 Rankings →

🌊 Marine 🌡️ Subtropical

Twin-spot butterfly ray

Gymnura bimaculata Norman, 1925
Max Length
28 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.7
Depth
-
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
24.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Twin-spot butterfly ray (Gymnura bimaculata), first described by Norman, 1925 is a medium-sized fish in the family Gymnuridae (order Myliobatiformes). Adults typically reach 28.00 cm in maximum length. It inhabits marine coastal and open-ocean environments. It occurs in Subtropical waters. It feeds on a mix of small fish and invertebrates as a mid-level predator.

Scientific Name
Gymnura bimaculata
Authority
Norman, 1925
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Max Length
28 cm
Trophic Level
3.7
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
24.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Twin-spot butterfly ray is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Twin-spot butterfly ray is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Distinct pairing with embrace .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; demersal. Subtropical Northwest Pacific: known from the type locality, Yenting, Chekiang Province, China.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine ⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.7±0.6

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00851 × L3.08 (TL)
Max TL
28cm

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Very low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
24.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.7
Predator
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Norman, 1925

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
0 Observations logged on Aquareap

No observations yet - be the first to log one!

View all observations for Twin-spot butterfly ray ↗
Suggest an Edit

Spotted incorrect or outdated data? Submit a correction and our editorial team will review it. Approved edits go live within 48 hours.

Link to a scientific paper, FishBase, or other authoritative source
Report an Issue

Found a factual error, broken data, or inappropriate content? Let us know and we will investigate promptly.