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🌊 Marine 🌡️ Subtropical

Madeira butterfly ray

Gymnura hirundo Lowe, 1843
Max Length
-
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.8
Depth
-
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
43.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Madeira butterfly ray (Gymnura hirundo), first described by Lowe, 1843 is a fish in the family Gymnuridae (order Myliobatiformes). It inhabits marine coastal and open-ocean environments. It occurs in Subtropical waters. It feeds on a mix of small fish and invertebrates as a mid-level predator.

Scientific Name
Gymnura hirundo
Authority
Lowe, 1843
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Trophic Level
3.8
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
43.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Madeira butterfly ray is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Madeira butterfly ray is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Distinct pairing with embrace .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; demersal. Subtropical Central Atlantic: Madeira Islands.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine ⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.8±0.6

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00851 × L3.08 (TL)

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Very low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
43.00/100
Moderate vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.8
Predator
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Lowe, 1843

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Madeira Butterfly Ray
🌍CES křídloun vlaštovčí
🇫🇮Finnish madeiranperhosrausku
🇮🇹Italian Altavela di Madeira
🇵🇹Portuguese Raia-borboleta-insular

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Pteroplatea hirundo Lowe 1843 Synonym

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 1 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
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View all observations for Madeira butterfly ray ↗
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