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🌊 Marine ⚠️ Venomous ⚡ Poisonous to eat 🌡️ Subtropical

Many-lined pufferfish

Arothron multilineatus Matsuura, 2016
Max Length
43 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.5
Depth
2–40 m
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
41.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
pelagic

📖 Overview

This species has been observed by SCUBA divers from 10 m to 25 m on the sandy bottom along the south coast of Amami-oshima Island of the Ryukyu Islands . Feeds on corals, mollusks, and other sand-dwelling invertebrates (2935).

Scientific Name
Arothron multilineatus
Authority
Matsuura, 2016
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Elongated
Max Length
43 cm
Depth Range
2–40 m
Trophic Level
3.5
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
41.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Anal soft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 18. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D 9 (10-11); A 10 (9-11); pectoral-fin rays 18 (19); vertebrae 9 + 9 = 18; colour of lateral and dorsal surfaces of head and body dark greenish-brown covered with many longitudinal white lines while the ventral surface of head and body white with light yellowish tinge; many spinules on head and body except on the lateral surface of the caudal peduncle, around mouth, eye, gill opening, and on dorsal- and anal-fin bases .: elongated; Cross section: angular.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Many-lined pufferfish is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 2 - 40 m . Subtropical West Pacific: Japan (Ryukyu Is.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🐟 Pelagic
Trophic Level
3.5±0.51
Food Items

corals, mollusks, and other sand-dwelling invertebrates (2935)

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00389 × L3.12 (TL)
Max TL
43cm
Dorsal Rays
11
Anal Rays
10
Vertebrae
18

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
41.00/100
Moderate vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.5
Predator
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Matsuura, 2016

⚠️ Venom Profile

Medical Warning: This species is venomous. Seek immediate medical attention if envenomated. Contact emergency services and follow first aid guidance below.
Venom Type
proteinaceous neurotoxin
Delivery
dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin spines
Potency
Severe
Mortality Risk
Low
Symptom Onset
5min
Duration
24.0hrs
Antivenom
✗ Not Available
Named Toxins
high-molecular-weight protein (Stonustoxin analogue) acetylcholine
Symptoms
  • immediate intense pain
  • swelling
  • erythema
  • occasional nausea and weakness
Affected Body Systems
peripheral nervous system cardiovascular
First Aid
Immerse affected area in hot water (45 C, tolerable) for 30-90 minutes to denature toxin. Do not apply ice.
Medical Treatment

Analgesia; wound care; tetanus prophylaxis; severe cases may require monitoring for systemic effects.

References: Compiled from Bhide (2018), Halstead et al. (1988) and family-specific envenomation literature

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