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🌊 Marine Vulnerable ⚠️ Venomous ⚡ Venomous 🌡️ Tropical

Fake round ray

Urotrygon simulatrix Miyake & McEachran, 1988
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Max Length
26.7 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.6
Depth
-
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
46.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Fake round ray (Urotrygon simulatrix) is a ray-finned fish of the family Urotrygonidae. It inhabits marine (saltwater) waters in benthic environments. This species can reach a maximum total length of 26.7 cm. With a trophic level of 3.6, it is a mid-level predator. It is assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Venomous.

Scientific Name
Urotrygon simulatrix
Authority
Miyake & McEachran, 1988
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Tropical
IUCN Status
VU
Max Length
26.7 cm
Trophic Level
3.6
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
46.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Fake round ray is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Fake round ray is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; demersal. Tropical; 8°N - 7°N Central Pacific: known only from the Gulf of Panama.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine ⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.6±0.6

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01413 × L3.07 (TL)
Max TL
26.7cm

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Vulnerable
Assessment Date
2020

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
46.00/100
Moderate-High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.6
Predator
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Miyake & McEachran, 1988

⚠️ Venom Profile

Medical Warning: This species is venomous. Seek immediate medical attention if envenomated. Contact emergency services and follow first aid guidance below.
Venom Type
proteinaceous neurotoxin
Delivery
dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin spines
Potency
Severe
Mortality Risk
Low
Symptom Onset
5min
Duration
24.0hrs
Antivenom
✗ Not Available
Named Toxins
high-molecular-weight protein (Stonustoxin analogue) acetylcholine
Symptoms
  • immediate intense pain
  • swelling
  • erythema
  • occasional nausea and weakness
Affected Body Systems
peripheral nervous system cardiovascular
First Aid
Immerse affected area in hot water (45 C, tolerable) for 30-90 minutes to denature toxin. Do not apply ice.
Medical Treatment

Analgesia; wound care; tetanus prophylaxis; severe cases may require monitoring for systemic effects.

References: Compiled from Bhide (2018), Halstead et al. (1988) and family-specific envenomation literature

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