Pama croaker
📖 Overview
Pama croaker (Otolithoides pama), first described by Hamilton, 1822 is a very large fish in the family Sciaenidae (order Perciformes). Adults typically reach 160.00 cm in maximum length. It is diadromous, migrating between freshwater and marine environments during its life cycle. It occurs in Tropical waters. It feeds on a mix of small fish and invertebrates as a mid-level predator. On the IUCN Red List, it is classified as Data Deficient.The species is important as a food fish. As a member of the Sciaenidae, it shares life-history and morphological traits with its relatives in the group.
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Physical description for Pama croaker is currently being compiled.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Pama croaker is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
🥚 Reproduction
Mature individuals are multiple spawners, breeding 2-3 times a year .
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; freshwater; brackish; benthopelagic; amphidromous . Tropical
🌿 Ecology
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
🍽️ Edibility & Flavour
"Pama croaker is an edible species."
- Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
- Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
- Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
- Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
- Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
- Cloudy or sunken eyes
- Strong fishy or ammonia odour
- Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
- Discoloured or dry flesh
⚡ Nutrition
Detailed nutritional data for Pama croaker is currently being compiled from USDA FoodData Central.
🔬 Mercury Safety
Mercury data for Pama croaker has not yet been assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.
🌿 Sustainability
🔬 Full Nutritional Profile
Per 100g - Raw, per 100g - Source: USDA FoodData Central templates (lean white fish average)
📊 Population Dynamics
| Year | Region | Index | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
| Language | Common Names |
|---|---|
| 🇬🇧English | Gangetic sciaenid · Pama Croaker |
| 🌍CES | smuha pama |
| 🇷🇺Russian | Горбыль-пама · Пама |
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bola pama | Hamilton | 1822 | Synonym |
| Pama pama | Hamilton | 1822 | Synonym |
| Sciaenoides hardwickii | Blyth | 1860 | Synonym |
| Sciaenoides pama | Hamilton | 1822 | Synonym |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 2 records indexed .
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