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🌊 Marine Data Deficient 🌡️ Tropical

Bronze croaker

Otolithoides biauritus Cantor, 1849
Max Length
160 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
6 yrs
Trophic Level
4.1
Depth
-
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
42.00/100
Typical Length
100 cm
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Found in coastal and inshore waters. Feeds on small fishes and invertebrates. An important foodfish. Sold fresh and dried salted (swim bladder) in markets.

Scientific Name
Otolithoides biauritus
Authority
Cantor, 1849
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Tropical
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
DD
Max Length
160 cm
Lifespan
6 years
Trophic Level
4.1
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
42.00/100
Migration
Amphidromous
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 9 - 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 27 - 32; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 6 - 7. : elongated.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Bronze croaker is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

small fish
crustaceans
cephalopods

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; demersal; amphidromous . Tropical; 27°N - 1°N, 61°E - 120°E West Pacific: Pakistan and along the coasts of India and Sri Lanka to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Viet Nam.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine ⬇️ Benthic
Migration
Amphidromous
Trophic Level
4.1±0.63
Food Items

small fishes and invertebrates

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00661 × L3 (TL)
Max TL
160cm
Dorsal Spines
10
Dorsal Rays
30
Anal Spines
2
Anal Rays
7

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Data Deficient
Assessment Date
2018

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
42.00/100
Moderate vulnerability
Trophic Level
4.1
Apex / Top predator
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Cantor, 1849

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Otolithes biaurites Cantor 1849 Synonym
Otolithes brunneus Day 1873 Synonym
Otolithoides brunneus Day 1873 Synonym
Otolithus biauritus Cantor 1849 Synonym
Otolithus brunneus Day 1873 Synonym
Sciaenoides biauritus Cantor 1849 Synonym
Sciaenoides brunneus Day 1873 Synonym

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 3 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

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