Occurs in bays, estuaries, and near rocky reefs ; mostly in shallow coastal waters to depths of at least 60 m . Usually solitary . Feeds on clams, oysters, worms, and crabs . Ovoviviparous . Although the spine on the tail is capable of inflicting a painful wound, the poison is quickly neutralized by immersion of the injured area in hot water .
Olive-green, yellow or dark brown dorsally with pale blue or grey markings; white ventrally . No caudal fin .: other.
Behavioural data for Eagle ray is currently being reviewed.
Diet information for Eagle ray is currently being compiled.
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Young are born at less than 50 cm .
Marine; brackish; benthopelagic; depth range 0 - 160 m . Temperate Southwest Pacific: Norfolk Island and New Zealand, including the Kermadec Islands.
clams, oysters, worms, and crabs (Ref
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