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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🌡️ Deep-water

Black-spotted whipray

Maculabatis toshi Whitley, 1939
Max Length
-
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.6
Depth
10–140 m
Climate
Deep-water
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
67.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
deep-water

📖 Overview

Demersal on soft bottoms on the continental shelf at depths of 10-140m. Juveniles (20-22 cm WD) are free swimming. Feeds on prawns, small fishes and crustaceans . Ovoviviparous . Common by-catch of bottom trawl and beach seine fisheries in the Arafura Sea. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage.

Scientific Name
Maculabatis toshi
Authority
Whitley, 1939
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Deep-water
IUCN Status
LC
Depth Range
10–140 m
Trophic Level
3.6
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
67.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Black-spotted whipray is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Black-spotted whipray is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for Black-spotted whipray is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Distinct pairing with embrace . Born at 20-22 cm WD.

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 140 m . Deep-water; 8°S - 30°S, 130°E - 155°E

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌑 Deep Water ⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.6±0.3
Food Items

prawns, small fishes and crustaceans (Ref

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01023 × L3.06 (TL)

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2015

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
67.00/100
High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.6
Predator
Climate Zone
Deep-water
Described By
Whitley, 1939

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Brown Whipray · Coachwhip Ray · Toshs Longtail Ray · Wulura
🌍CES trnucha Toshova
🇫🇮Finnish ruskosiimarausku
🇮🇹Italian Pastinaca di Tosh · Trigone di Tosh
🇵🇹Portuguese Raia-wulura

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Himantura toshi Whitley 1939 Synonym

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 1 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

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