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🌊 Marine Endangered 🎣 Game Fish 🌡️ Subtropical 🎣 Game Fish

White steenbras

Lithognathus lithognathus Cuvier, 1829
Max Length
200 cm
Max Weight
Lifespan
Trophic Level
3.1
Depth
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
72.00/100
Typical Length
65 cm
Depth Zone

📖 Overview

Found over sandy substrate, in estuaries and oceanic waters. Enters lagoons . Feeds bottom invertebrates, including worms, crabs and shrimp . Spawns in the sea but uses estuaries as nursery grounds. Prime angling fish. Important food fish. Sold fresh and whole in markets.

Scientific Name
Lithognathus lithognathus
Authority
Cuvier, 1829
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
IUCN Status
EN
Max Length
200 cm
Trophic Level
3.1
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
72.00/100
Migration
Amphidromous
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Silvery in color, crossbars fade with age.: fusiform / normal.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for White steenbras is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for White steenbras is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Size at Maturity
54cm TL

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; brackish; benthopelagic; amphidromous ; depth range ? - 150 m . Subtropical; 22°S - 31°S Southeast Atlantic: known only from the Orange River mouth to Natal, South Africa.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌿 Brackish
Migration
Amphidromous
Trophic Level
3.1±0.1

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01549 × L3.04 (TL)
Max TL
200cm
Dorsal Spines
11
Dorsal Rays
10
Anal Spines
3
Anal Rays
8

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Endangered
Assessment Date
2024

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
72.00/100
High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.1
Predator
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Cuvier, 1829

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Pignose Grunter · White Steenbras · Whitefish
🌍AFR Witsteenbras
🌍CES mořan jihoafrický
🇩🇰Danish Hvid blankesten
🇫🇷French Marbré Du Cap
🇵🇹Portuguese Ferreira-branca
🇷🇺Russian Белый землерой
🇪🇸Spanish Erla · Herrera Del Cabo
🇨🇳Chinese 長頭石頜鯛

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) — 4 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
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View all observations for White steenbras ↗
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