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Parasitic 🟡 Moderate ✓ Treatable

Argulosis (Fish Louse)

🦠 Argulus foliaceus, A. japonicus · Argulidae (Branchiura)

📋 Definition

A branchiuran crustacean ectoparasite that attaches to the skin of freshwater fish, causing puncture wounds, haemorrhage, stress, and virus transmission.

📊 Key Facts

Causative Agent
Argulus foliaceus, A. japonicus
Agent Family
Argulidae (Branchiura)
Peak Mortality
15%
Onset to Peak
weeks
Geographic Range
Worldwide — freshwater fish
Transmission Routes
Free-swimming juveniles attach to fish
Primary Host
Cyprinids, salmonids — wide freshwater host range
Treatment
✓ Available
Vaccine
✗ None / Experimental
First Described
1764

🩺 Clinical Signs

Flattened disc-like parasites (5–10 mm) visible on skin; skin haemorrhages; flashing; restless behaviour; secondary infections at wound sites.

🔬 Symptoms

🔬
Visible disc-like parasites
Integumentary Chronic
🔬
Skin haemorrhages
Integumentary Acute
🔬
Flashing behaviour
Behavioural Acute

🧪 Diagnosis

Visual identification of adult parasites on fish.

💊 Treatment

Organophosphate bath (dichlorvos), diflubenzuron.

🛡️ Prevention

ℹ️ Prevention is the most effective strategy for managing this disease in aquaculture and aquarium settings.
Screen water inflows, quarantine new fish.