Occur in swamps, vegetated lakes, ponds, sloughs and backwaters and pools of creeks and small rivers, usually over mud . Invertivore: feed mainly on Hemiptera and Corixidae .
Behavioural data for Flier is currently being
reviewed.
🦐 Diet
aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus
🥚 Reproduction
🐣 Oviparous🪺 Nest Builder🛡️ Egg Guarder
Spawning Season
spring
Spawn Location
Nest
Fertilization
External
Produces a minimum of 200 eggs.
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Freshwater; demersal; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15. Temperate; 12°C - 22°C ; 42°N - 29°N North America: occurs only in the USA from Potomac River drainage in Maryland to central Florida and west to Trinity River in Texas; north in Former Mississippi Embayment to southern Illinois and southern Indiana.
United States
🌿 Ecology
Zone Preferences
💧 Freshwater⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.2±0.38
Food Items
Hemiptera and Corixidae (Ref
📐 Morphometrics
Length–Weight Relationship:
W = 0.01288 × L3.09
(TL)
Max TL
29.2cm
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
Temperature Range
12–22°C
pH Range
6.5–7.5
Salinity Range
0–0.5ppt
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2011
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
27.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.2
Predator
Body Shape
Short and / or deep
Climate Zone
Temperate
Described By
Lacepède, 1801
🍽️ Edibility & Flavour
"Flier is an edible species."
✗ Not for Raw
✓ Fresh Indicators
Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
✗ Avoid If
Cloudy or sunken eyes
Strong fishy or ammonia odour
Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
Discoloured or dry flesh
Best Cooking Methods
BakingGrillingPan-frying
⚡ Nutrition
Detailed nutritional data for Flier is
currently being compiled from USDA FoodData Central.
🔬 Mercury Safety
Mercury data for Flier has not yet been
assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.
🌿 Sustainability
Best Choice
Healthy stocks, low impact
Good Alternative
Well-managed, minor concerns
Use Caution
Check sourcing and season
Avoid
Overfished or high impact
✓ Sustainable Choice
🔬 Full Nutritional Profile
Per 100g - Raw, per 100g
- Source: USDA FoodData Central templates (generic fish average)