Black sea shad
📖 Overview
Non-anadromous, entering limans and lower parts of river deltas, but only occasionally in freshwater. They are more or less abundant in lower reaches of rivers and coastal lagoons. A cold-loving species, tolerating 3 or 4°C. . At sea, pelagic in deep water and enters brackish lagoons to spawn. Mature adults spawn first at 2 years and many individuals spawn for 2-4 seasons. Eggs sink to bottom. Spent individuals return to the sea to feed. In autumn, they migrate to southern Black Sea to overwinter. Juveniles migrate to the sea or estuaries during the first summer . Adults feed mainly on small fishes (mainly sprats and anchovies) also on shrimps, gammarids and other large crustaceans . In northern Black Sea, the decline in habitat quality in suitable estuarine ecosystems is expected to have an impact in the immediate future .
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0. Body fairly elongate, more `herring-like' than `shad-like'. Gill rakers thin and straight, often closely packed and pointed, usually shorter than gill filaments. Teeth well developed in both jaws. Other Black Sea Alosa have more gill rakers (A. caspia 50 to 80 and A. pontica 47 to 66). Sardinella aurita is more slender, has many more gill rakers and i 8 pelvic fin rays.: fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Black sea shad is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
🥚 Reproduction
Juveniles migrate to sea or remain in estuaries during their first summer . In autumn, they migrate to southern Black Sea to overwinter. As spring approaches, they start to move into brackish lagoons to spawn until early summer. After spawning, spent fish return to sea to feed. Many individuals spawn for 2-4 seasons .
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic. Temperate; 48°N - 40°N, 27°E - 43°E
🌿 Ecology
small fishes (mainly sprats and anchovies) also on shrimps, gammarids and other large crustaceans (R
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
| Language | Common Names |
|---|---|
| 🇬🇧English | Azov Shad · Black Sea shad |
| 🌍BUL | blech · Блеч |
| 🌍CES | placka kerčská |
| 🇩🇪German | Kerchen-Maifisch |
| 🇫🇮Finnish | asovansilli |
| 🇭🇺Hungarian | Lagúnahering |
| 🇮🇹Italian | alosa del mar Nero |
| 🌍LIT | kerčės perpelė |
| 🇵🇱Polish | Sledz azowski |
| 🌍RON | Scrumbia de mare · Scrumbie alba de mare · Scrumbie de mare |
| 🇷🇺Russian | Сельдь черноморско-азовская морская · черноморско-азовская морская сельдь |
| 🌍TUR | Ringa baligi · ringa balığı |
| 🌍UKR | Керченський оселедець · Оселедець керченський · Оселедець чорноморсько-азовський морський |
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alosa braschnikowii maeotica | Grimm | 1901 | Synonym |
| Alosa brashnikovi maeotica | Grimm | 1901 | Synonym |
| Alosa maeotica maeotica | Grimm | 1901 | Synonym |
| Caspialosa brashnikovi maeotica | Grimm | 1901 | Synonym |
| Caspialosa brauneri | Nikolskii | 1923 | Synonym |
| Caspialosa brauneri elongata | Isachenko | 1925 | Synonym |
| Clupea maeotica | Grimm | 1901 | Homotypic |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 2 records indexed .
👥 Community & Contribute
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