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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🍽️ Edible 🎣 Game Fish 🌡️ Subtropical

Leopard shark

Triakis semifasciata Girard, 1855
Leopard Shark (Triakis semifasciata)
Leopard Shark (Triakis semifasciata)
Max Length
198 cm
Max Weight
18.4 kg
Lifespan
30 yrs
Trophic Level
3.7
Depth
0–156 m
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
80.00/100
Typical Length
160 cm
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Found in shallow water from the intertidal to deeper waters, most commonly in enclosed muddy bays; including estuaries and lagoons (S. Wilson, pers. comm.). Prefer sandy areas, mud flats, and bottoms strewn with rocks near rocky reefs and kelp beds. Feed mainly on crabs, shrimps, bony fish, fish eggs, clam necks and innkeeper worms among a large variety of food in its diet. Form mixed schools. Ovoviviparous (aplacental), with 4 to 29 young in a litter. Utilized fresh or frozen for human consumption.

Scientific Name
Triakis semifasciata
Authority
Girard, 1855
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
198 cm
Max Weight
18.4 kg
Lifespan
30 years
Depth Range
0–156 m
Trophic Level
3.7
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
80.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Leopard shark is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Leopard shark is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Ovoviviparous
Size at Maturity
109.8cm TL

Females produce 6-24 young, which are 20-23 cm long at birth . Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 0 - 156 m , usually ? - 6 m . Subtropical; 45°N - 19°N, 126°W - 105°W

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌿 Brackish ⬇️ Benthic
Trophic Level
3.7±0.2
🐠 Schooling
Food Items

crabs, shrimps, bony fish, fish eggs, clam necks and innkeeper worms among a large variety of food i

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00234 × L3.12 (TL)
Max TL
198cm
Max Weight
18,400g

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2014

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Very low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
80.00/100
Very High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.7
Predator
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Girard, 1855

🎣 Angling Guide

Difficulty
Beginner
Fight Rating
strong pulls with head-shakes
Best Seasons
spring,summer,fall
Best Time
incoming tide, dawn and dusk
Line Weight
15-30
Rod Type
medium-heavy spinning
Hook Size
2/0-5/0
Catch & Release
✓ Recommended
Best Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Techniques
bottom fishing popping cork soft plastics live bait
Bait & Lures
live shrimp cut mullet soft plastic paddle-tails popping corks
Recommended Tackle
  • medium-heavy 7ft spinning rod
  • 30-50 lb braid
  • fluorocarbon leader
Where to Find Them
  • grass flats
  • oyster bars
  • marsh drains
  • deeper channel edges
Tips & Tricks
Popping cork technique attracts fish from distance. Fish moving tides.
Catch & Release Tips

Use barbless hooks, minimise air exposure, and revive fish head-first in current before release.

Regulations Summary

⚠️ Slot limits protect breeding-size fish. Verify daily bag limits.

🍽️ Edibility & Flavour

"Leopard shark is an edible species."

✗ Not for Raw
✓ Fresh Indicators
  • Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
  • Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
  • Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
  • Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
  • Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
✗ Avoid If
  • Cloudy or sunken eyes
  • Strong fishy or ammonia odour
  • Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
  • Discoloured or dry flesh
Best Cooking Methods
Baking Grilling Pan-frying

⚡ Nutrition

Detailed nutritional data for Leopard shark is currently being compiled from USDA FoodData Central.

🔬 Mercury Safety

Mercury data for Leopard shark has not yet been assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.

🌿 Sustainability

Best Choice
Healthy stocks, low impact
Good Alternative
Well-managed, minor concerns
Use Caution
Check sourcing and season
Avoid
Overfished or high impact

🔬 Full Nutritional Profile

Per 100g - Raw, per 100g - Source: USDA FoodData Central templates (generic fish average)

Proximate Composition
Energy125 kcal
Moisture75 %
Protein20 %
Total Fat4 %
Ash1.3 %
Fatty Acids (g)
Saturated Fat1 g
Monounsaturated Fat1.2 g
Polyunsaturated Fat1.5 g
Omega-3 Total1 g
EPA0.3 g
DHA0.5 g
Omega-6 Total0.3 g
Key Minerals & Vitamins
Calcium20 mg
Iron0.7 mg
Magnesium30 mg
Phosphorus220 mg
Potassium380 mg
Sodium55 mg
Zinc0.5 mg
Selenium32 µg
Vitamin B122 µg

📊 Population Dynamics

Year Region Index Notes
- - -

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Leopard houndshark · leopard shark
🇩🇪German Leopardenhai
🇪🇸Spanish tiburón leopardo
🌍TUR Pars köpek balığı

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Mustelus felis Ayres 1854 Synonym
Triakis californica Gray 1851 Heterotypic

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 26 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
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