New 🐟 Mercury Safety Guide & Omega-3 Rankings Updated for 2026. View Omega-3 Rankings →

💧 Freshwater Least Concern 🎣 Game Fish ⚠️ Venomous 🐠 Aquarium ⚡ Venomous 🌡️ Tropical 🎣 Game Fish

Plain squeaker

Synodontis zambezensis Peters, 1852
Max Length
43 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
2.7
Depth
-
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
46.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
-

📖 Overview

The spines are said to be poisonous . Found in pools and slow flowing reaches of perennial and seasonal rivers; prefers riverine habitats to floodplains; shelters in holes or crevices or on the underside of logs, frequently in an upside-down position . Active at night, feeds on detritus and plant matter such as seeds as well as small invertebrates like insects and snails, and will scavenge readily . Breeds in summer during rainy periods . Oviparous .

Scientific Name
Synodontis zambezensis
Authority
Peters, 1852
Habitat
Freshwater
Climate
Tropical
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
43 cm
Trophic Level
2.7
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
46.00/100
Salinity
0–0.5 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 11 - 16. : elongated.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Plain squeaker is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous
Size at Maturity
15cm TL

Oviparous . Distinct pairing during breeding .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Tropical; 13°S - 27°S south to the Pongolo system (Ref.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
💧 Freshwater
Trophic Level
2.7±0.34
Food Items

detritus and plant matter such as seeds as well as small invertebrates like insects and snails, and

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01096 × L3.02 (TL)
Max TL
43cm
Dorsal Spines
1
Dorsal Rays
7
Anal Rays
14

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
0–0.5ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2017

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
46.00/100
Moderate-High vulnerability
Trophic Level
2.7
Omnivore / Planktivore
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Peters, 1852

⚠️ Venom Profile

Medical Warning: This species is venomous. Seek immediate medical attention if envenomated. Contact emergency services and follow first aid guidance below.
Venom Type
proteinaceous
Delivery
dorsal and pectoral spines with venom glands
Potency
Mild
Mortality Risk
Low
Symptom Onset
2min
Duration
12.0hrs
Antivenom
✗ Not Available
Named Toxins
crinotoxins protein toxins
Symptoms
  • pain
  • oedema
  • rare systemic effects
Affected Body Systems
peripheral nervous system
First Aid
Hot water immersion.
Medical Treatment

Wound care, analgesia.

References: Compiled from Bhide (2018), Halstead et al. (1988) and family-specific envenomation literature

🎣 Angling Guide

Difficulty
Beginner
Fight Rating
strong pulls with head-shakes
Best Seasons
spring,summer,fall
Best Time
incoming tide, dawn and dusk
Line Weight
15-30
Rod Type
medium-heavy spinning
Hook Size
2/0-5/0
Catch & Release
✓ Recommended
Best Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Techniques
bottom fishing popping cork soft plastics live bait
Bait & Lures
live shrimp cut mullet soft plastic paddle-tails popping corks
Recommended Tackle
  • medium-heavy 7ft spinning rod
  • 30-50 lb braid
  • fluorocarbon leader
Where to Find Them
  • grass flats
  • oyster bars
  • marsh drains
  • deeper channel edges
Tips & Tricks
Popping cork technique attracts fish from distance. Fish moving tides.
Catch & Release Tips

Use barbless hooks, minimise air exposure, and revive fish head-first in current before release.

Regulations Summary

⚠️ Slot limits protect breeding-size fish. Verify daily bag limits.

📊 Population Dynamics

Year Region Index Notes
- - -

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Hemisynodontis zambezensis Peters 1852 Synonym
Synodontis zambesiensis Peters 1852 Synonym

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 79 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
0 Observations logged on Aquareap

No observations yet - be the first to log one!

View all observations for Plain squeaker ↗
Suggest an Edit

Spotted incorrect or outdated data? Submit a correction and our editorial team will review it. Approved edits go live within 48 hours.

Link to a scientific paper, FishBase, or other authoritative source
Report an Issue

Found a factual error, broken data, or inappropriate content? Let us know and we will investigate promptly.