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🌊 Marine Near Threatened 🌡️ Tropical

Pacific cownose ray

Rhinoptera steindachneri Evermann & Jenkins, 1891
Max Length
-
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.6
Depth
0–65 m
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
48.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
reef

📖 Overview

Adults are found over soft bottoms, near rocky or coral reefs; also near reef drop-offs . They occasionally swim near the surface and may jump out of the water. Often in schools, sometimes associated with Aetobatus narinari, the spotted eagle ray . Adults feed on benthic crustaceans and mollusks. Ovoviviparous .

Scientific Name
Rhinoptera steindachneri
Authority
Evermann & Jenkins, 1891
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Tropical
IUCN Status
NT
Depth Range
0–65 m
Latitude
5°S – 32°N
Trophic Level
3.6
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
48.00/100
Migration
Oceanodromous
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Pacific cownose ray is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Pacific cownose ray is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for Pacific cownose ray is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Size at Maturity
71cm TL

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous ; depth range 0 - 65 m , usually 0 - 25 m. Tropical; 32°N - 5°S, 117°W - 76°W

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🪸 Reef Associated
Migration
Oceanodromous
Trophic Level
3.6±0.5
🐠 Schooling
Food Items

benthic crustaceans and mollusks

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01148 × L2.98 (TL)

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Near Threatened
Assessment Date
2019

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Very low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
48.00/100
Moderate-High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.6
Predator
Climate Zone
Tropical
Latitude Range
32°N – 5°S
Described By
Evermann & Jenkins, 1891

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Hawkray · Pacific Cownose Ray · golden cownose ray
🌍CES siba Steindachnerova
🇩🇰Danish Stillehavskonæserokke
🇩🇪German Goldener Kuhnasenrochen · Goldrochen
🇫🇮Finnish meksikonlehmärausku
🇮🇹Italian Vaccarella del Pacifico · Vaccarella dorata
🇯🇵Japanese タイヘイヨウウシバナトビエイ
🇳🇱Dutch Pacifische koeneusrog
🇵🇹Portuguese Raia-ticonha-do-Pacífico
🇷🇺Russian Западноамериканский бычерыл
🇪🇸Spanish Gavilán · Gavilán Negro · Raya tecolote · gavilán dorado

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 2 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
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View all observations for Pacific cownose ray ↗
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