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🌊 Marine Least Concern ⚠️ Venomous ⚡ Venomous 🌡️ Tropical

Broadbarred firefish

Pteropterus antennatus Bloch, 1787
Max Length
20 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.9
Depth
2–86 m
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
33.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
reef

📖 Overview

Occurs in lagoon and seaward reefs. Hides in crevices under rocks and coral formations during the day and hunts at night. Typically with head towards the safety of their hide-out or narrow passage . Feeds on shrimps and crabs. Venomous and capable of inflicting a painful sting. Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30874. Solitary or in groups, under ledges and holes .

Scientific Name
Pteropterus antennatus
Authority
Bloch, 1787
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Tropical
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
20 cm
Depth Range
2–86 m
Latitude
40°S – 42°N
Trophic Level
3.9
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
33.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

Genus
Pteropterus
Pteropterus
Species
Broadbarred firefish
Pteropterus antennatus

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 6. Reddish to tan with many dark bars on body; median fins with scattered dark spots; tentacle above eye long and with dark bands . Adults with bluish black blotches near the base of the pectoral fins : fusiform / normal.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Broadbarred firefish is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 2 - 86 m . Tropical; 42°N - 40°S, 30°E - 137°W East Africa to Marquesan and Mangaréva islands, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland, Australia and Kermadec (Ref.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🪸 Reef Associated
Trophic Level
3.9±0.61
🧍 Solitary
Food Items

shrimps and crabs

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01 × L3.02 (TL)
Max TL
20cm
Dorsal Spines
13
Dorsal Rays
12
Anal Spines
3
Anal Rays
6

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2015

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
33.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.9
Predator
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
Climate Zone
Tropical
Latitude Range
42°N – 40°S
Described By
Bloch, 1787

⚠️ Venom Profile

Medical Warning: This species is venomous. Seek immediate medical attention if envenomated. Contact emergency services and follow first aid guidance below.
Venom Type
proteinaceous neurotoxin
Delivery
dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin spines
Potency
Severe
Mortality Risk
Low
Symptom Onset
5min
Duration
24.0hrs
Antivenom
✗ Not Available
Named Toxins
high-molecular-weight protein (Stonustoxin analogue) acetylcholine
Symptoms
  • immediate intense pain
  • swelling
  • erythema
  • occasional nausea and weakness
Affected Body Systems
peripheral nervous system cardiovascular
First Aid
Immerse affected area in hot water (45 C, tolerable) for 30-90 minutes to denature toxin. Do not apply ice.
Medical Treatment

Analgesia; wound care; tetanus prophylaxis; severe cases may require monitoring for systemic effects.

References: Compiled from Bhide (2018), Halstead et al. (1988) and family-specific envenomation literature

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