Longneck croaker
📖 Overview
Inhabits coastal waters from shoreline to about 150 m depth, over mud and sandy mud bottoms. Most abundant in waters less than 60 m at temperatures above 18°C. Juveniles and sub-adults enter estuaries and rivers. Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans. Peak spawning season from late spring to early autumn in tropical West Africa .
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 28 - 32. Diagnosis: dorsal fin with 9 spines in the 1st part and 1 spine and 28-32 in the second; second anal spine about half the length of the 1st anal fin soft ray; pectoral fins short, about 19-21% SL; gill rakers short, about as long as gill filament at angle between lower and upper part of gill arch; maxilla extending beyond posterior eye border, eyes small, 7.2-8.4 times in HL, but this character is difficult to use for identification because of allometry .: fusiform / normal.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Longneck croaker is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
Diet information for Longneck croaker is currently being compiled.
🥚 Reproduction
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 150 m , usually ? - 60 m . Tropical; 35°N - 17°S, 25°W - 14°E north of Cape Verde.
🌿 Ecology
small fishes and crustaceans
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
🍽️ Edibility & Flavour
"Longneck croaker is an edible species."
- Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
- Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
- Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
- Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
- Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
- Cloudy or sunken eyes
- Strong fishy or ammonia odour
- Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
- Discoloured or dry flesh
⚡ Nutrition
Per 100g cooked - Source: USDA FoodData Central
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Protein | 19.1 g |
| Omega-3 (total) | 198 mg |
🔬 Mercury Safety
Mercury data for Longneck croaker has not yet been assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.
🌿 Sustainability
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
| Language | Common Names |
|---|---|
| 🇬🇧English | Bar · Croaker · Longneck Croaker · Longneck Ladyfish |
| 🌍CES | smuha dravá |
| 🇩🇰Danish | Langhovedet trommefisk |
| 🌍EWE | Ekã |
| 🇫🇷French | Otolithe Nanka |
| 🇵🇱Polish | Otol |
| 🇵🇹Portuguese | Corvina · Corvina-branca · Corvina-pescoçuda · Rainha-branca |
| 🇷🇺Russian | Плоскоголовый капитанский горбыль |
| 🇪🇸Spanish | Corvina Bosoro |
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Otolithus dux | Bowdich | 1825 | Heterotypic |
| Pseudotolithes typus | Bleeker | 1863 | Synonym |
| Sciaena dux | Bowdich | 1825 | Synonym |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 673 records indexed .
👥 Community & Contribute
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