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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🎣 Game Fish 🌡️ Subtropical 🎣 Game Fish

Gulf kingcroaker

Menticirrhus littoralis Holbrook, 1847
Max Length
48.3 cm
Max Weight
1.4 kg
Lifespan
Trophic Level
3.9
Depth
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
34.00/100
Typical Length
30 cm
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Occurs usually in coastal waters over sandy and muddy bottoms; juveniles are abundant in the surf zone. Sometimes enters estuaries. Feeds mainly on worms and crustaceans. Excellent food fish .

Scientific Name
Menticirrhus littoralis
Authority
Holbrook, 1847
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
48.3 cm
Max Weight
1.4 kg
Latitude
33°S – 38°N
Trophic Level
3.9
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
34.00/100
Migration
Oceanodromous
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Grayish brown above, shading to silvery below, no prominent bars. Lower jaw has single, stout, peg-like barbel with pore at tip. Scales on belly smaller than those on side .: fusiform / normal.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Gulf kingcroaker is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for Gulf kingcroaker is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Size at Maturity
23cm TL

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; brackish; demersal; oceanodromous ; depth range 10 - ? m. Subtropical; 38°N - 33°S

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌿 Brackish ⬇️ Benthic
Migration
Oceanodromous
Trophic Level
3.9±0.6
Food Items

worms and crustaceans

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00794 × L3.05 (TL)
Max TL
48.3cm
Max Weight
1,400g

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2023

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
34.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.9
Predator
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Latitude Range
38°N – 33°S
Described By
Holbrook, 1847

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Gulf Kingfish · Gulf kingcroaker · Gulf whiting · Kingfish
🌍CES smuha pobřežní
🇩🇰Danish Golf-trommefisk
🇫🇷French Bourrugue Du Golfe
🇵🇹Portuguese Corvina-da-Flórida
🇷🇺Russian Прибрежный королевский горбыль
🇪🇸Spanish Berrugata · Coroncoro · Lambe Berrugato · Lambe Verrugato · berrugato del Golfo
🇨🇳Chinese 海灣無鰾石首魚

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) — 32 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

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