New 🐟 Mercury Safety Guide & Omega-3 Rankings Updated for 2026. View Omega-3 Rankings →

💧 Freshwater Least Concern 🌡️ Tropical

Rock-bacu

Lithodoras dorsalis Valenciennes, 1840
Max Length
100 cm
Max Weight
15.0 kg
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
2
Depth
-
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
57.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
demersal

📖 Overview

Feeds on fruits when the forests are flooded and on the blades of macrophytes. Acts as seed dispersal agent . Reproduction occurs once a year and juveniles are often seen in large numbers in the estuary of the Amazon, in the region of Mario .

Scientific Name
Lithodoras dorsalis
Authority
Valenciennes, 1840
Habitat
Freshwater
Climate
Tropical
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
100 cm
Max Weight
15 kg
Trophic Level
2
Resilience
Low
Vulnerability
57.00/100
Migration
Potamodromous
Salinity
0–0.5 ppt

🔬 Taxonomy

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 6; Anal soft rays: 13 - 14. Body elongated, without scales, almost covered with bony plaque, ventrally flattened in adults. Terminal mouth has three pairs of barbels. Lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw. Eyes small .: elongated.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Rock-bacu is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

algae
aquatic plants
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous
Spawning Season
spring
Spawn Location
Substrate
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Freshwater; demersal; potamodromous . Tropical South America: Amazon River basin and estuary near Cayenne, French Guiana.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
💧 Freshwater ⬇️ Benthic
Migration
Potamodromous
Trophic Level
2
Food Items

fruits when the forests are flooded and on the blades of macrophytes

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.0123 × L2.96 (TL)
Max TL
100cm
Max Weight
15,000g
Dorsal Spines
1
Dorsal Rays
6
Anal Rays
14

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
0–0.5ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2020

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
57.00/100
High vulnerability
Trophic Level
2
Omnivore / Planktivore
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Valenciennes, 1840

🌐 Names & Taxonomy

Language Common Names
🇬🇧English Rock-bacu
🌍CES trnovec cayenský
🇫🇷French Doras à écussons dorsaux
🇵🇹Portuguese Bacu · Pacu · Vacu

Scientific Synonyms

Scientific Name Author Year Status
Doras dorsalis Valenciennes 1840 Synonym
Doras lithogaster Kner 1855 Synonym
Doras papillionatus De Filippi 1853 Synonym
Megalodoras paucisquamatus Van der Stigchel 1946 Synonym

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 4 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
0 Observations logged on Aquareap

No observations yet - be the first to log one!

View all observations for Rock-bacu ↗
Suggest an Edit

Spotted incorrect or outdated data? Submit a correction and our editorial team will review it. Approved edits go live within 48 hours.

Link to a scientific paper, FishBase, or other authoritative source
Report an Issue

Found a factual error, broken data, or inappropriate content? Let us know and we will investigate promptly.