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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🍽️ Edible ⚡ Reports of ciguatera poisoning 🌡️ Subtropical

Spotted trunkfish

Lactophrys bicaudalis Linnaeus, 1758
Max Length
48 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.2
Depth
3–50 m
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
High
Vulnerability
25.00/100
Typical Length
20 cm
Depth Zone
reef

📖 Overview

Found in clear water around coral reefs. Sometimes under ledges and near small holes . Feeds on a variety of small bottom invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, starfishes, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sessile tunicates, sea grasses , algae, crabs and brittle stars . Toxins released when excited kills other fishes . Probably marketed fresh locally .

Scientific Name
Lactophrys bicaudalis
Authority
Linnaeus, 1758
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Short and / or deep
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
48 cm
Depth Range
3–50 m
Latitude
35°S – 32°N
Trophic Level
3.2
Resilience
High
Vulnerability
25.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Whitish with numerous small black spots on carapace, caudal peduncle and caudal fin; lips whitish; bases of dorsal, anal and pectoral fins blackish; large adults with black spots missing from three small areas in a diagonal row anteriorly on body at level of eye, appearing as three white spots .: short and / or deep.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Spotted trunkfish is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 50 m . Subtropical; 32°N - 35°S, 99°W - 14°W

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🪸 Reef Associated
Trophic Level
3.2±0.2
Food Items

a variety of small bottom invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, starfishes, sea urchins, sea

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.03715 × L2.8 (TL)
Max TL
48cm

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2011

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
High
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
25.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.2
Predator
Body Shape
Short and / or deep
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Latitude Range
32°N – 35°S
Described By
Linnaeus, 1758

🍽️ Edibility & Flavour

"Spotted trunkfish is an edible species."

✗ Not for Raw
✓ Fresh Indicators
  • Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
  • Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
  • Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
  • Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
  • Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
✗ Avoid If
  • Cloudy or sunken eyes
  • Strong fishy or ammonia odour
  • Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
  • Discoloured or dry flesh
Best Cooking Methods
Baking Grilling Pan-frying

⚡ Nutrition

Per 100g cooked - Source: USDA FoodData Central

Nutrient Amount
Protein 19 g
Omega-3 (total) 158 mg

🔬 Mercury Safety

Mercury data for Spotted trunkfish has not yet been assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.

🌿 Sustainability

Best Choice
Healthy stocks, low impact
Good Alternative
Well-managed, minor concerns
Use Caution
Check sourcing and season
Avoid
Overfished or high impact
✓ Sustainable Choice

🔬 Full Nutritional Profile

Per 100g - Raw, per 100g - Source: USDA FoodData Central templates (generic fish average)

Proximate Composition
Energy125 kcal
Moisture75 %
Protein20 %
Total Fat4 %
Ash1.3 %
Fatty Acids (g)
Saturated Fat1 g
Monounsaturated Fat1.2 g
Polyunsaturated Fat1.5 g
Omega-3 Total1 g
EPA0.3 g
DHA0.5 g
Omega-6 Total0.3 g
Key Minerals & Vitamins
Calcium20 mg
Iron0.7 mg
Magnesium30 mg
Phosphorus220 mg
Potassium380 mg
Sodium55 mg
Zinc0.5 mg
Selenium32 µg
Vitamin B122 µg

📊 Population Dynamics

Year Region Index Notes
- - -

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 16 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

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