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💧 Freshwater Least Concern 🌡️ Tropical

Coal grunter

Hephaestus carbo Ogilby & McCulloch, 1916
Max Length
33 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.2
Depth
-
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
31.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
-

📖 Overview

Adults occur in lentic and lotic freshwater . They inhabit clear, rapid streams (sometimes very small creeks) flowing over sand and mud; also in rocky pools. Prefer the upper reaches of coastal drainages. Water temperatures are always above 15°C. Feed on crustaceans (especially prawns) and small fishes. Spawning in the wild has been recorded in November and probably continues through to early autumn (March). Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent . Sexual maturity is reached at a size of about 13 centimeters. Juvenile coal grunter is attractive and popular in the aquarium hobby. Closely related and nearly identical in appearance to H. raymondi from south-western Papua New Guinea .

Scientific Name
Hephaestus carbo
Authority
Ogilby & McCulloch, 1916
Habitat
Freshwater
Climate
Tropical
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
33 cm
Trophic Level
3.2
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
31.00/100
Water Temp
25–30 °C
Salinity
0–0.5 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Physical description for Coal grunter is currently being compiled.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Coal grunter is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous
Spawning Season
spring
Spawn Location
Substrate
Fertilization
External

Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Tropical; 25°C - 30°C endemic to Australia.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
💧 Freshwater
Trophic Level
3.2±0.5
Food Items

crustaceans (especially prawns) and small fishes

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.0123 × L3.04 (TL)
Max TL
33cm

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Temperature Range
25–30°C
Salinity Range
0–0.5ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2019

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
31.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.2
Predator
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Ogilby & McCulloch, 1916

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