Soldier
📖 Overview
Occur in inshore waters . Most active at night, lying motionless during the day. Spawn during August-September and seem to be triggered by an increase in water temperature at the onset of spring. Smaller individuals feed mainly on shrimps and crabs, while bigger ones are piscivorous . Adults possess venomous infraorbital, preopercular and dorsal-fin spines .
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 12 - 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7 - 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 4 - 6; Vertebrae: 28. Lack scales .: fusiform / normal.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Soldier is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
🥚 Reproduction
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 0 - 35 m. Subtropical; 10°S - 45°S South Wales, including Tasmania.
🌿 Ecology
shrimps and crabs, while bigger ones are piscivorous (Ref
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
⚠️ Venom Profile
- immediate intense pain
- swelling
- erythema
- occasional nausea and weakness
Analgesia; wound care; tetanus prophylaxis; severe cases may require monitoring for systemic effects.
References: Compiled from Bhide (2018), Halstead et al. (1988) and family-specific envenomation literature
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apistus marmoratus | Cuvier | 1829 | Synonym |
| Pentaroge marmorata | Cuvier | 1829 | Synonym |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 17 records indexed .
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