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🌊 Marine Vulnerable 🌡️ Deep-water

Velvet belly

Etmopterus spinax Linnaeus, 1758
Etmopterus Spinax (Etmopterus spinax)
Etmopterus Spinax (Etmopterus spinax)
Max Length
60 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
4.1
Depth
70–2490 m
Climate
Deep-water
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
63.00/100
Typical Length
45 cm
Depth Zone
deep-water

📖 Overview

Found on the outer continental shelves and upper slopes. Feeds on small fishes, squids, and crustaceans. Ovoviviparous, with number of young from 6 to 20 in a litter. Utilized for fishmeal and prepared dried salted for human consumption. Depth range reported at 70m-2000m in Ref. 35388.

Scientific Name
Etmopterus spinax
Authority
Linnaeus, 1758
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Deep-water
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
VU
Max Length
60 cm
Depth Range
70–2490 m
Latitude
38°S – 73°N
Trophic Level
4.1
Resilience
Very low
Vulnerability
63.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

: elongated.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Velvet belly is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

Diet information for Velvet belly is currently being compiled.

🥚 Reproduction

Size at Maturity
34.5cm TL

Distinct pairing with embrace .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 70 - 2490 m , usually 200 - 500 m . Deep-water; 73°N - 38°S, 40°W - 36°E north Adriatic and Black Seas).

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🌑 Deep Water
Trophic Level
4.1±0.2
Food Items

small fishes, squids, and crustaceans

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00347 × L3.05 (TL)
Max TL
60cm

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Vulnerable
Assessment Date
2020

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Very low
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
63.00/100
High vulnerability
Trophic Level
4.1
Apex / Top predator
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Deep-water
Latitude Range
73°N – 38°S
Described By
Linnaeus, 1758

🗺️ Global Occurrence Map

Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 706 records indexed .

Occurrence density from GBIF View GBIF records ↗

👥 Community & Contribute

Aquareap Community Observations
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