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💧 Freshwater Endangered 🌡️ Subtropical

Fountain darter

Etheostoma fonticola Jordan & Gilbert, 1886
Max Length
4.3 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.2
Depth
-
Climate
Subtropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
10.00/100
Typical Length
2.9 cm
Depth Zone
-

📖 Overview

Occur in vegetated springs, pools and runs of effluent rivers . Feed primarily on cladocerans, copepods, amphipods, and aquatic insects . Spawn throughout the year at 33-day interval . Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded .

Scientific Name
Etheostoma fonticola
Authority
Jordan & Gilbert, 1886
Habitat
Freshwater
Climate
Subtropical
Body Shape
Elongated
IUCN Status
EN
Max Length
4.3 cm
Trophic Level
3.2
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
10.00/100
Salinity
0–0.5 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 6 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 13; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 5 - 8; Vertebrae: 32 - 33. : elongated; Cross section: oval.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Fountain darter is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous
Spawning Season
spring
Spawn Location
Substrate
Fertilization
External

Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded .

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Subtropical; 31°N - 29°N North America: found only in San Marcos and Comal springs and their effluent rivers (Guadalupe River system) in southern central Texas, USA.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
💧 Freshwater
Trophic Level
3.2±0.4
Food Items

cladocerans, copepods, amphipods, and aquatic insects (Ref

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.00676 × L3.12 (TL)
Max TL
4.3cm
Dorsal Spines
7
Dorsal Rays
12
Anal Spines
1
Anal Rays
7
Vertebrae
33

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
0–0.5ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Endangered
Assessment Date
2011

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
10.00/100
Low vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.2
Predator
Body Shape
Elongated
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Described By
Jordan & Gilbert, 1886

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