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🌊 Marine Least Concern 🌡️ Tropical

Fivebar grouper

Epinephelus kupangensis Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016
Max Length
39.1 cm
Max Weight
-
Lifespan
-
Trophic Level
3.8
Depth
50–300 m
Climate
Tropical
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
48.00/100
Typical Length
-
Depth Zone
reef

📖 Overview

This fish is part of a large, deep-water drop line fishery, which focuses its efforts on banks and promontories of shelf habitat in depths of up to 350 m .

Scientific Name
Epinephelus kupangensis
Authority
Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016
Habitat
Marine
Climate
Tropical
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
IUCN Status
LC
Max Length
39.1 cm
Depth Range
50–300 m
Trophic Level
3.8
Resilience
Medium
Vulnerability
48.00/100
Salinity
30–40 ppt

🐟 Physical Description

Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 17; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. This species is distinguished from its Indo-Pacific congeners by having the following characters: lateral line scales 46-49 (vs. at least 51 in all species except E. areolatus, E. bilobatus, E. bleekeri, E. bontoides, E. chlorostigma, E. faveatus, E. howlandi, E. longispinis, E. macrospilos, E. maculatus, E. merra, E. miliaris, E. polyphekadion, E. quoyanus, E. timorensis, E. trimaculatus), round caudal fin (vs. emarginate to truncate caudal fin in E. areolatus, E. bleekeri, E. chlorostigma, E. geoffroyi, E. timorensis), no distinct spots over most of head and body (vs. numerous distinct spots - not dots - over most of head and body in E. bilobatus, E. bontoides, E. faveatus, E. howlandi, E. longispinis, E. macrospilos, E. maculatus, E. merra, E. miliaris, E. polyphekadion, E. quoyanus, E. trimaculatus) .: fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

🌀 Behaviour

Behavioural data for Fivebar grouper is currently being reviewed.

🦐 Diet

aquatic invertebrates
small fish
algae
detritus

🥚 Reproduction

🐣 Oviparous 📦 Batch Spawner
Spawning Season
spring-summer
Spawn Location
Pelagic
Fertilization
External

🌍 Habitat & Distribution

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 50 - 300 m . Tropical West Pacific: Indonesia (Timor Sea), Timor-Leste, Philippines, Taiwan, and Fiji.

🌿 Ecology

Zone Preferences
🌊 Marine 🪸 Reef Associated
Trophic Level
3.8±0.6

📐 Morphometrics

Length–Weight Relationship: W = 0.01148 × L3.04 (TL)
Max TL
39.1cm
Dorsal Spines
11
Dorsal Rays
16
Anal Spines
3
Anal Rays
8

🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance

Salinity Range
30–40ppt

🛡️ Conservation Assessment

IUCN Category
Least Concern
Assessment Date
2017

📊 Population Risk & Fisheries

Population Resilience
Medium
Minimum doubling time
Fishing Vulnerability
48.00/100
Moderate-High vulnerability
Trophic Level
3.8
Predator
Body Shape
Fusiform / normal
Climate Zone
Tropical
Described By
Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016

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