Ground croaker
📖 Overview
Found in coastal waters, over muddy and sandy bottoms. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans. Oviparous . Important food fish.
🔬 Taxonomy
🐟 Physical Description
Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21 - 26; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 7 - 9. Colour greyish above, silvery below. Faint dark streaks on sides, oblique above, longitudinal below lateral line. Dorsal and caudal fins greyish with dark margin, anterior part of anal fin speckled. Mouth subterminal and oblique. Chin without barbel but with 5 pores. Preopercle serrated with few strong pines at angle. Second anal-fin spine very strong, as long as first soft ray. Gas bladder with 2 chambers, the anterior one yoke-shaped without appendages, the posterior one simple, carrot-shaped. Lapillus (small earstone) enlarged, more than half of sagitta (large earstone) (Ref 51721).: short and / or deep.
🌀 Behaviour
Behavioural data for Ground croaker is currently being reviewed.
🦐 Diet
🥚 Reproduction
🌍 Habitat & Distribution
Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 16 - 40 m . Tropical; 23°N - 29°S, 97°W - 34°W
🌿 Ecology
fishes and crustaceans
📐 Morphometrics
🌡️ Water Parameters & Tolerance
🛡️ Conservation Assessment
📊 Population Risk & Fisheries
🍽️ Edibility & Flavour
"Ground croaker is an edible species."
- Clear, bright eyes — cloudy eyes indicate age
- Firm flesh that springs back when pressed
- Fresh ocean smell, never strong or ammonia-like
- Bright red or pink gills, not grey or brown
- Shiny, moist skin with scales tightly attached
- Cloudy or sunken eyes
- Strong fishy or ammonia odour
- Soft, mushy flesh that doesn't spring back
- Discoloured or dry flesh
⚡ Nutrition
Per 100g cooked - Source: USDA FoodData Central
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Protein | 19.1 g |
| Omega-3 (total) | 235 mg |
🔬 Mercury Safety
Mercury data for Ground croaker has not yet been assigned. Please consult FDA/EPA guidance for general seafood safety advice.
🌿 Sustainability
🔬 Full Nutritional Profile
Per 100g - Raw, per 100g - Source: USDA FoodData Central templates (lean white fish average)
📊 Population Dynamics
| Year | Region | Index | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
🌐 Names & Taxonomy
| Language | Common Names |
|---|---|
| 🇬🇧English | Ground croaker · Ground Drummer · peacock bass · ronco |
| 🇫🇷French | Mamselle rouio |
| 🇵🇹Portuguese | Bororo · Canganguá · Cangauá · Cangoá · Canguaguá · Cororoca · Corvina Coruca · Mirucaia · Pescada Espinho Duro · Pescado-aratanha · Pirucaia · Robalo-aratanha · Robalo-miraguaia · Roncador · Ticopá |
| 🇪🇸Spanish | Corvina Espinosa · Corvineta Ruyo · Gogó · Ronco · ronco rayado |
Scientific Synonyms
| Scientific Name | Author | Year | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| ? ronchus | Cuvier | 1830 | Synonym |
| Bairdiella subaequalis | Poey | 1875 | Synonym |
| Bardiella ronchus | Cuvier | 1830 | Synonym |
| Corvina fulgens | Vaillant & Bocourt | 1883 | Synonym |
| Corvina subaequalis | Poey | 1875 | Synonym |
| Corvina subequalis | Poey | 1875 | Synonym |
| Sciaena bedoti | Regan | 1905 | Synonym |
🔍 Similar Species
🗺️ Global Occurrence Map
Occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) - 23 records indexed .
👥 Community & Contribute
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